Zionist Poster

Here is a poster from the Israel Museum that depicts the fantasy most Zionists had of the land of Israel before their arrival. Read More

Hanukkah Customs around the World

Did you know that Yemenite Jews might wear blue every day of Hanukkah? Did you know that the original latkes contained cheese? Here are some links for both my students and their parents on Hanukkah Customs from all over the world.

Rabbi David Golinkin on "Hanukkah Exotica" (Fascinating for its explanations of both familiar and unfamiliar customs, this article might be a bit challenging for some readers)
A Megillah for Hanukkah? (another article)
Italian Candy for Hanukkah (a recipe)
"Around the World in Eight Days"
Hanukkah Lamps from the 18th through 20th Centuries
Images from the Israel Museum, Jerusalem

Considering Consumerism during Hanukkah

My eighth graders and I, during the past few weeks, have been studying Jewish responses to consumerism. We've been looking into the ways in which we can balance our enjoyment of the physical world with our desires to be modest and moderate in our behavior, care for the planet, and respect the human workers whose work produces goods.

Last week we examined a cultural phenomenon called Freeganism. Freegans are individuals critical of today's consumer culture who take care of their fundamental needs by using society's "left overs." Some of these practices are ones considered "normal" by our culture--like reclaiming furniture left on the curb like buying used clothing. However, the movement's counter-cultural nature becomes readily obvious when you hear that they eat from the garbage of high-end grocery stores and restaurants and do their best to find rent-free living situations.

"It's not how much or how little you have that makes you great or small, but how much or how little you are with what you have."

- Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch
(Horeb, vol. 1, pg 46)

On the one hand, Freeganism is an extreme example of the mitzvah "Bal Tashchit"--"Do Not Destroy." The Rabbis of antiquity extended this Torah mitzvah, which refers to fruit-bearing trees on the land of one's enemies, to also include any usable, salvageable materials (clothing, pottery vessels, building materials, etc.) or consumables (food, especially) that might be carelessly discarded. On the other hand, the practices of Freeganism also challenge other Jewish laws and values. I'll write more on this later, but will leave readers (yes, you!) with some links to learn more.

http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-freegan11sep11,0,2162976.story?coll=la-home-center

http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/21/garden/21freegan.html?_r=1&oref=slogin/
http://www.freegan.info/
http://www.freegan.org.uk/ukfreegans/
http://www.ourmaninside.com/blog/files/category-freeganism.php

Early Zionism Review Quiz

The following is a quiz I gave my sixth grade students this week... How much do you know about Early Zionism? Answers and further learning can be linked to at the bottom of the entry.

Round One:

1. What was Theodore Herzl’s job?
2. True or false: The First Aliyyah began in 1870. (Skip round two if you can name the correct year.)
3. “Hatikvah” means…?
4. What is an oleh?
5. Kibbutzim were founded on the principles of what political and economic philosophy?
6. Translate the following phrase: “Am Yisrael Hai.”
7. What was the name of the ideal held by the people of the Second and Third Aliyyot?
8. What is a halutz?
9. Name one modern country from which First Aliyyah immigrants came.
10. Name a place outside of Israel where a Jewish state was proposed.
11. What recurring event motivated most of the immigrants to Israel from 1880 to 1910?
12. Define Zionism.

Round Two:

1. Finish the sentence: “Im Tirzu Ein Zo …”
2. Name two (other) modern countries from which Second and Third Aliyyah immigrants came.
3. What is the difference between Eretz Yisrael and Medinat Yisrael?
4. In which European country were the early Zionist Congresses held? (Skip round three if you can name the city.)
5. Why did the Zionists stop their investigation of the Uganda plan?
6. Why did Theodore Herzl become a Zionist (two reasons)?

Round Three:

1. In 1900, which country held political control of the land of Israel?
2. What was the name of the major Zionist group representing all the different Zionists in Europe?
3. Name a French soldier who was tried for a crime he did not commit simply because he was Jewish.
4. Is there still a World Zionist Organization that holds a World Zionist Congress?
5. Which modern Israeli city came first: Petah Tiqvah or Tel Aviv?

Round Four (Final):

· Who donated the money that kept the early olim from Eastern Europe from giving up their new farms and homes?

For Answer Key and Further Learning Click Here.